How can I train my peripheral vision?

You may feel that the increased screen time of the 21^st century has made you lose touch with your peripheral vision. But there are exercises which help enhance visual acuity, broaden our peripheral vision field and reduce the risk of tunnel vision:

Tracking practice: This is an easy and accessible eye exercise which involves focusing on a central point, such as a stationary object. Then, while maintaining eye contact with this object and – keeping your head still, try to identify all the different objects in your peripheral vision.

Ball and wall drill: Stand about a metre away from a wall and focus your vision on a fixed point just above eye level. Now, throw a tennis ball with one hand against the wall, using your other hand to catch it. Make sure your eyes stay fixed on one point.

Just as we train our other muscles, you may find that consistently training the muscles around your eyes with these exercises will help you enhance your awareness and peripheral vision.

“This does not interfere with the body’s ability to absorb water and stay hydrated,” said Grace Derocha, a registered dietitian nutritionist and spokeswoman for the US Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.

Actually, sparkling water may have an advantage. If you prefer it over plain, then you are more likely to drink more and be better hydrated than if you drink less. But choose ones without added sugar, advises Derocha.

While mouth taping is not scientifically proved as a treatment, there is some evidence of limited benefits. The US Sleep Foundation undertook a small study of people with mild obstructive sleep apnoea who used a porous patch over the mouth to encourage nasal breathing. Researchers found the group experienced reduced snoring and fewer instances of interrupted breathing.

Some people also claim that mouth taping helps with fatigue, concentration issues, bad breath, and excessive thirst at night, although most of these claims have not been scientifically studied.

But mouth taping is not for everyone. There have been some reported side effects of mouth taping, including irritation on or around the lips, disrupted sleep due to irritation from the tape or difficulty breathing through the nose (especially if you have nasal congestion).

Additionally, anyone who feels anxious about having their mouth taped shut may find it unsettling.

As mouth taping is not considered a commonly accepted or proven practice, speak to your doctor before trying it. If you suspect you might have sleep apnoea or another sleep disorder, other treatments may be more effective.

If you have difficulty breathing through your nose due to a cold or sinus infection, allergies, nasal polyps or another reason, you should avoid mouth taping.

How does dehydration affect my kidneys?

As we all know, water plays an incredibly important part in the working of our body. One of its most important roles is to remove waste from our blood in the form of urine. However, according to experts at Kidney Research UK, when our bodies are dehydrated, the urine we produce has a higher concentration of minerals and waste, which can lead to the formation of crystals within our bloodstream. These crystals can affect kidney function and contribute to kidney diseases such as kidney stones and even kidney failure.

How will I know if I have kidney problems?

Although it may be easy to tell if you have kidney stones, there are other symptoms of kidney problems that might not be so obvious. When we are severely dehydrated, our kidney function can be rapidly reduced, leading to an acute kidney injury (AKI). While AKI’s do not always cause symptoms, some signs of kidney include producing less urine than usual, nausea, fatigue, high blood pressure and swelling in the legs, ankles or feet. If you experience any of these symptoms, you should seek medical attention.

How can I prevent kidney damage?

Apart from staying hydrated, there are other ways you can protect your kidneys. We should get our blood pressure and blood glucose levels regularly checked by doctors as they can be good indicators of kidney health. And of course, the usual health advice applies to your kidneys as well as your overall mental and physical health: reduce your salt intake, manage your weight, create a regular exercise routine and moderate any alcohol.

Do you have trouble getting off to sleep? Try a warm shower before bedtime, say sleep experts.

Studies have found that people who bathe before bedtime fall asleep faster. In the hours before bedtime, a human’s core body temperature naturally cools, while skin temperatures of the hands and feet increase. Scientists believe that immersing your body in warm water aids this natural temperature regulation process, improving sleep as a result.

It is important to get the timing right, says sleep physician Dr David Rosen.

“Make sure your warm shower is at least one hour before bed, because that is what is best supported by research,” he says.

Dr Rosen says the warm shower habit can become part of your bedtime routine, like stopping harmful sleep habits such as screen time, and starting helpful ones like creating a restful bedroom environment.

Can a cold shower help you sleep too? While there are benefits to cold showers, improving sleep does not seem to be one of them. Cold water tends to be stimulating, raising levels of the hormones cortisol and norepinephrine which can boost your alertness.

But dermatologists say products designed for these purposes are much better options and warn that toothpaste may exacerbate skin conditions.

Because toothpaste is not formulated for the skin, it can lead to dryness, irritation and inflammation, potentially delaying the pimple healing process or worsening acne, they say.

To prevent pimples or treat them, the American Academy of Dermatology recommends over-the-counter products containing adapalene, azelaic acid, benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid.

Toothpaste is not an effective treatment for burns or to whiten fingernails, either. While toothpaste may have a cooling effect, one study showed that it can worsen burns. As for your fingernails, it can cause irritation.

So what are common symptoms in women?

Women often describe heart attack pain as pressure or tightness in the chest, rather than the sharp pains experienced by men.

Medical director of the Joan H. Tisch Centre for Women’s Health in NYU and cardiologist, Dr Nieca Goldberg, says that often women report abdominal pressure that feels like an elephant is sitting on your stomach. Other symptoms may include unusual fatigue, cold sweats and an overwhelming sense of exhaustion, or as Dr Goldberg says, “it can feel like you have run a marathon, but you didn’t move.”

Women and men can also feel discomfort in the neck, jaw, shoulders, upper back, or even the upper stomach. These symptoms can build gradually, making them easier to dismiss as something less serious.

When should you call for help?

Here is a startling fact: according to a study by Dr Rita f. Redberg, director of Women’s Cardiovascular Services for the University of California, women generally wait longer than men before going to the emergency room. It is understandable: few people would consider sweating and back pains to be serious, so when do we know when to call for medical assistance?

Well, the key is to acknowledge what feels unusual. If you have uncomfortable pressure in your chest which lasts for a few minutes, uncomfortable and irregular discomfort in your arms, back, neck, jaw or stomach, shortness of breath, cold sweat and nausea, you should call emergency services immediately.

When it comes to your heart, waiting is a risk you cannot afford to take.

9. Empty all the small bins.

10. Do a speed tidy – even just one room at a time.

While cleaning may not be your idea of fun, you would be surprised at how much you can get done in just five minutes, leaving you plenty of time to kick back and relax in your newly tidy space.

Lead author Associate Professor Lukas Parker said date labels were widely misused by people because they were confusing.

“Consumers want clear, consistent and easy-to-read information,” he said.

“Date labels should be in a large font with contrasting colours so that they are easy to find and interpret.”

Parker said a solution could be labels with practical tips on properly storing food and sealing packaging, as the study found advice such as ‘store in a cool, dry place’ was interpreted as vague and unhelpful.

“Including specific temperature guidelines for storage on packaging would help,” he said. “Particularly in a cost-of-living crisis, people need information on how to properly store and prolong the shelf life of food.”